Much of Hawai‘i’s uniqueness results from its natural and cultural resources. To assure their preservation, the Hawai`i Constitution provides that all public natural resources are held in trust by the State for the benefit of Hawai‘i's people and the generations to come. The constitution also specifies that the “ceded” lands returned to Hawai‘i upon its admission to the Union are held by the State in trust for the benefit of Native Hawaiians and the general public. This course explores the legal framework for Hawaiʻi’s public trust doctrine, including the court decisions that have established vital fiduciary duties of the State to protect and conserve natural resources however they are utilized. Analysis of these decisions additionally considers the parties’ litigation and case presentation strategies.